September 30, 2023
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History of india Indus Valley Civilization history of india Meaning of Indus Valley Civilization - located in Montgomery district of East Punjab province of Pakistan about 70 years ago
The residents of Harappa probably did not even have the slightest idea that the bricks they were using so indiscriminately in their houses, were not ordinary bricks, but about 5000 years old and about 5000 years old. A fully developed history of India is the remnant of the Indus Valley.
They realized this when in 1856, the British Indian government started digging these ruins for the supply of bricks for the railway line from Karachi to Lahore. The first remains were found, which were named 'Harappan Civilization'.
Some scholars have called it by the name of Harappa and Mohenjodaro civilization. Harappa is located in the Montgomery district of western Punjab and Mohenjodaro is in the Larkana district of the Indus. In 1922, excavations were done at both these places under the chairmanship of Shri Rakhaldas Banerjee. Further, the objects found in the excavations led by John Marshall at this place,
history of india in hindi indus valley
The study has revealed such a civilization of India, which is about four thousand years before Christ, that is, much older than the Vedic civilization. Which were found in Harappa and Mohenjodaro. From this, it has been inferred that the civilization of the entire region of the Indus Valley was the same. Due to this, the civilization of the Indus Valley has also been called the name of Harappa and Mohenjodaro civilizations. This was a different decoration in the history of India in Hindi. Due to this there was some solid evidence of the history of our India year.
But in the history of India, most of the scholars in the Indus Valley have addressed it with the Indus Valley Civilization only. From the above description, we come to the conclusion that the Indus Valley Civilization refers to the civilization of those people who lived in the Indus River Valley about four thousand years before Christ, i.e. their social, religious, economic, cultural, and What was political life?
history of India's social life indus valley
The study of objects resulting from excavations at Harappa, Mohenjodaro, Amro, Chandudaro, and Jhukardaro throws the following light on the social life of the people of the Indus Valley.
Periodization of Indus Civilization by various scholars
3500–2700 BC
3250–2750 BC
2900 BC-1900 BC
2800-2500 BC
2500-1500 BC
9850–1700 BC
2500 BC-1750 BC
2000-1500 BC
Science
meanness
john marshall
Dales
Ernest McKay
Maritime healer CJ gad
D.P. Agrawal
Fair service history of india in Hindi Indus Valley
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History of India came to know by searching
ancient history of india since Harappa (Harappa) and Mohenjodaro (Mohenjodaro) have been discovered. Since then we came to know about the old times of India and the living conditions of the old people. How did they live, what was their civilization, what was the design of their cities, how they lived, how they treated each other. Which were the religions that he believed in? We came to know all this when we searched the history of India.
(1) City planning - town planning
history of india Indus Valley excavations have revealed that both Harappa and Mohenjodaro were huge cities. The construction of these cities was done according to a certain plan, the roads of the cities used to cross each other directly from north to south or from east to west.
In this way, the city was divided into many square or revenue parts by these roads. These roads used to be very wide. The major roads of the city have been found to be up to 100 feet wide, which clearly shows that many vehicles could pass on the roads at the same time. The lanes connecting the major roads were also very wide. For those which were at least wide, their width has also been found to be four feet. It is a matter of great importance that these roads are unpaved and no effort has been made to make them concrete.
(2) building construction
There were houses on both sides of the roads, which were built. These bricks were baked with wood. Most of the houses were two stories, but it is known from the thickness of the walls that the houses were made of more than two stories, stairs were made to go from the lower floor to the upper floor. The stairs have been found narrow, but some very wide and comfortable stairs have also been found. The doors of big houses were big. Some houses have so many doors that even chariots and bullock carts could pass through them.
history of india Such houses are still present in the Indus Valley. which corresponded to earlier houses. In whose rooms there were almirahs along with the walls. Some such things made of bones and conch have been found, from which it is known that there were pegs in the rooms, there was a complete arrangement of doors and windows in the houses. So that there is no shortage of air and light, a very important feature of these doors and windows was that they were made in the inner walls.
The walls that faced the public roads did not have doors and windows. There was a courtyard in the middle of the house, in which a kitchen was built in the corner. The kitchen stoves were made of bricks. Every house was required to have a bathroom. Water was kept in earthen pots in these baths. The floor of these baths was made of burnt bricks and great care was taken for its cleanliness. Toilets are also found near many bathrooms.
(3) Management of drains
They used to arrange drains for the dirty water of the city to go out. All the drains were made of burnt bricks. Mud mixed with lime was used to join the bricks. The narrower drains were covered with bricks and the wider drains were covered with stone pieces. Mud pipes were used to bring down the dirty water from the upper floor. Which is still present in the modern era of the History of India.
(4) Management of wells
In order to get water easily, the people of the Indus Valley used to arrange wells. Such wells have been found in the excavation, whose width is two feet to seven feet. In addition to public wells, which were made for the public, people used to make wells for their personal use in their houses. Although today in modern India this history of India has ended.
(5) Reservoir and bath
A huge reservoir has also been found in the excavation of Mohenjodaro. This reservoir is 39 feet long and 33 feet wide and 8 feet deep. It is made of burnt bricks and its walls are very strong. A baradari has been built around this reservoir, whose width is 15 feet. There are eight baths on the southwest side of the water tank. Rooms were built above these baths, in which the priests used to live. A well has also been found near the reservoir.
Probably the reservoir was filled with water from this well. Taps were made to fill and empty the reservoir. A building has been found near the reservoir, which was probably a hammam and in which there was a provision for heating water. Today we can call a store of water in the age of science from India after Gandhi in modern India.
(6) Management of the security of the city-
Like in today's time, our soldiers protect our country on the border. Similarly, to keep their cities safe from enemies, they used to arrange ditches and walls around the city. This boundary wall also served as a possible fort.
(7) Organization of society
history of india The Mohenjodaro excavations of the Indus Valley reveal that the society of the people of the Indus Ghats was divided into four classes. The first class was of scholars, in which priests, doctors, and astrologers used to come. Warriors came in the second class, whose duty was to protect society. Business people came in the third class. These people used to do different types of industries. Domestic servants and laborers came in the fourth class.
(8) food and catering
Wheat, barley, rice, date palm seeds, etc. have been found in the excavation, from which it is known that the people of Indus Valley must have been eating these things. In the excavation, some unwashed bones have also been found peeled; From which it has been inferred that these people used to use fish, meat, eggs etc. These people also used fruits, milk, and vegetables. (5) Dress- The residents of the Indus Valley used to keep short beards and mustaches. But some people also used to twist them. Some people's hair was short and some people's hair was long, they used to tie braids.
These people used to comb their hair and keep turning back. The people of the Indus Valley wore both woolen and cotton clothes. He used to wear simple clothes. The excavation has found a statue of a man in which he is wearing a shawl. The shawl goes over the bike and under the right armpit.
Scholars estimate that it must have had two main garments – one to cover the lower part of the body and the other to cover the upper part. Excavations at Harappa show that women used to wear a special type of cloth on the head which was raised like a fan towards the back of the head. It seems that there was no special difference between the clothes of women and men. The people of the Indus Valley also used different types of ornaments. a hindi story of a mother and son
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History of India Conclusion
How did you like this second post of our History of India series, you must tell us in the comment section. We are running this series on the entire history of history of India in hindi. Share this as much as possible on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and everywhere so that more people can also know the history of India. Do you know old history ncert 2, Kol and Dravidian civilization who was Kol? Part 1 history of india Indus Valley.
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